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洛杉矶大火恐成美最具破坏性自然灾害，新一轮强风或致火势扩大_我的网站

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一 | 当地时间2025年1月11日，美国加利福尼亚州恩西诺市，帕利塞德火灾在曼德维尔峡谷附近蔓延，一架灭火直升机正在空中洒水。视觉中国图据央视新闻报道，美国洛杉矶县法医办公室1月12日确认，洛杉矶山火造成的死亡人数升至24人。 On Tuesday, Algeria celebrated 60 years of independence from France, holding a grand military parade in the capital of Algiers. The parade, presided over by Algerian President Abdelmadjid Tebboune, included military aircraft, tanks, and warships.,Tebboune said the celebrations "bear the meanings of loyalty to the martyrs, and to the eternal message of November" 1954, when the great uprising against French rule began.,© Algerian Ministry of National Defense/Handout via XinhuaMilitary vehicles are driven during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officialsMilitary vehicles are driven during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials© Algerian Ministry of National Defense/Handout via Xinhua,© AFP 2022 / RYAD KRAMDIAlgerian soldiers parade down a street in the capital Algiers on July 5, 2022, as the country celebrates the 60th anniversary of its independence.Algerian soldiers parade down a street in the capital Algiers on July 5, 2022, as the country celebrates the 60th anniversary of its independence.© AFP 2022 / RYAD KRAMDI,On July 5, 1962, Algeria stood at the end of a long and bloody war against French colonialism, which had ruled the country for 132 years. The war that led to Algeria’s independence was launched on All Saints Day in 1954, although there had always been resistance movements fighting for freedom. The call for revolution came just months after the humiliating defeat of the French Foreign Legion at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu that spelled the end of French rule in Vietnam and Laos.,However, the Algerian war was more personal for the French, as Algeria was a French department, not formally a colony, and was home to more than a million pieds noirs, or French settlers, who formed a separate caste of Algerian society above the Arabs and Imazighen.,© Algerian Ministry of National Defense/Handout via XinhuaArmored vehicles are driven during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials.Armored vehicles are driven during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials.© Algerian Ministry of National Defense/Handout via Xinhua,© XinhuaAircraft are seen during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials.Aircraft are seen during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials.© Xinhua,The French military waged a brutal war that included systematic torture against the Algerian revolutionaries, who responded with a guerrilla campaign punctuated with urban terrorist bombings. The formal French troops were complemented by irregular gangs of pieds noirs, who waged their own terror campaign against Arab towns. As the war raged on, desperate French military officers overthrew the government in Paris and abolished the Fourth Republic, creating a new constitution with a stronger executive and putting World War 2 military hero Charles de Gaulle in charge of it.,Still, French rule was not to last. The Algerian revolutionaries linked up with other peoples colonized by France across Africa, forming a network that jointly resisted French rule. Two years after they forced Paris into a humiliating referendum in which nearly every colony voted for independence, the Evian Accords in March 1962 granted freedom to Algeria beginning on July 5.,© Algerian Ministry of National Defense/Handout via XinhuaAircraft are seen during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials.Aircraft are seen during a military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Algeria's independence in Algiers, capital of Algeria, on July 5, 2022. Algeria on Tuesday held a grand military parade to celebrate the 60th anniversary of its independence from French colonialism, with the attendance of senior local and foreign officials.© Algerian Ministry of National Defense/Handout via Xinhua,An estimated 1.5 million Algerians were killed by French forces during the conflict. Last year, French President Emmanuel Macron said there would be "no repentance nor apologies" for French rule in Algeria, but that he would support a “memories and truth” commission to “take a lucid look at the wounds of the past” and find a path to reconciliation.,Macron has made similar half-gestures toward reconciliation with other African nations, such as Rwanda, which was not a French colony but in which France was strongly involved in 1994, when the genocide of Tutsis and Twa by the Hutu Power government began.。

二 | 过去两天，消防员利用风势减缓之际在控制火情方面取得进展。

三 | 但气象部门预计13日开始南加州地区将迎来另一轮强风，火势有再度扩大的风险。据路透社报道，加州州长加文·纽森称，就造成的损失而言，此次洛杉矶大火可能是美国历史上最具破坏性的自然灾害，已造成上万所房屋被毁，10万人被迫撤离。美国气象网站AccuWeather估计，整体经济损失可能达到1350亿至1500亿美元。

四 | 尽管消防人员全力救火，大火在强风的推动下仍在扩大向东北部蔓延，目前已经烧到曼德维尔峡谷社区，并往盖蒂中心艺术博物馆所在的高档社区布伦特伍德延烧，人口稠密的圣费尔南多谷也岌岌可危。盖蒂中心收藏着一些艺术界最珍贵的珍品，例如文森特·梵高的《鸢尾花》、广受欢迎的伦勃朗的作品以及跨越七个多世纪的无价绘画、肖像画和其他作品。

五 | 目前，由于大火威胁，盖蒂中心所在的地区已经下达疏散令。加州大学洛杉矶分校校园已进入高度戒备状态，消防当局建议校方做好疏散准备。该校教授张作风告诉澎湃新闻（www.thepaper.cn）,“目前我们住的地方安全，但是在学校里可以看到远距离的山火。这两天学校取消本科课程，并将研究生课程转为远程教学。”美国国家气象局称，预计洛杉矶和文图拉县的风势将在13日晚至14日早再次加剧，阵风时速可能高达110公里；大火可能进一步蔓延，或许还会发生新的火灾。州长纽森已部署1680名国民警卫队人员参与救火。俄勒冈州、华盛顿州、内华达州、亚利桑那州、得克萨斯州和蒙大拿州等州也为加州野火救援工作提供资源。根据洛杉矶县法医办公室公布的死亡名单，截至11日大火已致24人死亡；消防部门确认还有数人失踪。官员们预计这一数字还会上升。洛杉矶县官员称，过去一周火灾烧毁的面积总计已经比旧金山、匹兹堡、波士顿或迈阿密的市区面积还要大。至少超过12000座建筑被烧毁。这些建筑物既包括房屋，也涉及汽车和附属建筑。